Dario Fo

Dario Fo
Dario Fo in November 1984
Born	Dario Luigi Angelo Fo (1926-03-24)24 March 1926 Leggiuno, Kingdom of Italy
Died	13 October 2016(2016-10-13) (aged 90) Milan, Italy
Occupation	Playwright actor director composer
Period	Post-war era
Genre	Drama
Subject	Abortion assassinations conspicuous consumption corruption drug addiction European history mechanisation organised crime power racism Roman Catholic theology sexism war
Notable works	The Virtuous Burglar Archangels Don't Play Pinball Mistero Buffo Accidental Death of an Anarchist Can't Pay? Won't Pay! Trumpets and Raspberries Elizabeth: Almost by Chance a Woman The Pope and the Witch
Notable awards	Nobel Prize in Literature 1997
Spouse	Franca Rame ​ ​ (m. 1954; died 2013)​
Children	Jacopo Fo
Website	www.dariofo.it
Signature

Dario Luigi Angelo Fo (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdaːrjo ˈfɔ]; 24 March 1926 – 13 October 2016) was an Italian playwright, actor, theatre director, stage designer, songwriter, political campaigner for the Italian left wing and the recipient of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Literature.^[1] In his time he was "arguably the most widely performed contemporary playwright in world theatre".^[2] Much of his dramatic work depends on improvisation and comprises the recovery of "illegitimate" forms of theatre, such as those performed by giullari (medieval strolling players)^[3] and, more famously, the ancient Italian style of commedia dell'arte.^[4]

His plays have been translated into 30 languages and performed across the world, including in Argentina, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, India, Iran, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka,^[5] Sweden, the United Kingdom,^[6] the United States,^[7] and Yugoslavia.^[8][9] His work of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s is peppered with criticisms of assassinations, corruption, organised crime, racism, Roman Catholic theology, and war. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, he took to lampooning Forza Italia and its leader Silvio Berlusconi, while his targets of the 2010s included the banks amid the European sovereign-debt crisis. Also in the 2010s, he became the main ideologue of the Five Star Movement, the anti-establishment party led by Beppe Grillo,^[10] often referred to by its members as "the Master".^[11]

Fo's solo pièce célèbre, titled Mistero Buffo and performed across Europe, Asia, Canada and Latin America over a 30-year period, is recognised as one of the most controversial and popular spectacles in postwar European theatre and has been denounced by Cardinal Ugo Poletti, Cardinal Vicar for the Diocese of Rome, as "the most blasphemous show in the history of television".^[1][12] The title of the original English translation of Non Si Paga! Non Si Paga! (Can't Pay? Won't Pay!) has passed into the English language,^[13] and the play is described as capturing "something universal in actions and reactions of the working class".^[14]

His receipt of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Literature marked the "international acknowledgment of Fo as a major figure in twentieth-century world theatre".^[15] The Swedish Academy praised Fo as a writer "who emulates the jesters of the Middle Ages in scourging authority and upholding the dignity of the downtrodden".^[16] He owned and operated a theatre company. Fo was an atheist.^[17]